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Disinfection
Disinfection
Disinfection is usually the final stage in the water treatment process in order to limit the effects of organic material, suspended solids and other contaminants. Like the disinfection of wastewater, the primary methods used for the disinfection of water in very small (25-500 people) and small (501-3,300 people) treatment systems are ozone, ultraviolet irradiation (UV) and chlorine. There are numerous alternative disinfection processes that have been less widely used in small and very small water treatment systems, including chlorine dioxide, potassium permanganate, chloramines and peroxone (ozone/hydrogen peroxide).
Surface waters have been the focal point of water disinfection regulations since their inception, as groundwaters (like wells) have been historically considered to be free of microbiological contamination. Current data indicates this to not be true.
Uses
1. Disinfectants are substances that are typically applied onto non-living objects or items to "disinfect" them, which basically mean destroying microorganisms that might be present on the object.
2. Although they might not always kill all the germs and microorganisms, they are an ideal tool used in hospitals, clinics and other medical facilities to disinfect medical tools from any form of bacteria before use.
3. Disinfectant cannot be classified in the same category as antimicrobial agents such as antibiotics or antiseptics as they work differently and aim to destroy microorganisms on different surfaces and parts.